IMAGERY & CULTURE

ARISTIMUNO – SPRING 2009

EXAM #1

DUE THURSDAY FEB 19th

 

 

Answers should be typed and printed.

This is an exam with 4 questions, each worth 25 points. Each question should stand alone, even though there are some themes that are interrelated amongst them.

 

Devote a minimum of one page, to each numbered answer. To give a full answer you may need to write more than one page. ThatÕs ok. ItÕs quality, not quantity that matters.

 

Be sure to answer each of the sub-questions.

 

You can use brief quotations from any of the texts - you must cite the source and page number - but make sure the answer is in your own words, your own synthesis of the works read, so I can tell that you have processed and understood these concepts and their relation to imagery and culture.

 

Where relevant use media examples to relate theory to images we have seen.

 

 

  1. According to Marx, what is the source of the ideas and values by which societies are ruled?

 

 

  1. Althusser:
    1. What are Ideological State Apparatuses? (define and give 3 specific examples)

 

    1. How are they different from Repressive State Apparatuses?

 

    1. What role do ISAs play in perpetuating the ideologies of the ruling classes?

 

    1. How do Ideologies interpellate individuals as subjects?

 

 

  1. Frankfurt School.
    1. What 3 approaches did thinkers of the F.S. develop for the critical study of culture?

 

    1. What are Culture Industries? Whose interests do they promote?

 

    1. How does mass media create uniformity and loss of individualism?

 

 

  1. bell hooks
    1. What does bell hooks mean when she says  Òpopular culture is where the learning takes placeÓ?

 

    1. How does this relate to Althusser?

 

    1. What is an enlightened witness?

 

    1. How does this relate to resistance and the possibility of action that affects changes in ideology?