ARISTIMUÑO VIDEO PRODUCTION | the screenplay |




VIDEO PRODUCTION :: The Screenplay


What you need to Know:

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STAGES OF BUILDING SCREENPLAY

1. Idea

2. Conflict - Central/Essential Conflict

Spelled out in the STORY LINE : the condensed version of the conflict. 

  • Must contain the central conflict 
  • Brief, concise, 5 lines or so, must state what it is we're going 
  • to see/write about/develop
3. Characters 
  • Who will live the basic conflict 
  • Character development is begun at the level of a synopsis 
  • Who are these people, where are they, and when 
  • Physical description, but also personality traits
4. Dramatic Action 
  • HOW are we going to tell the story 
  • structure - into acts, scenes, etc. 
  • fragmenting the storyline, fleshing it out, skeletal sequence of scenes 
  • no dialogue yet


5. Dramatic Time / Tempo 

  • how long will the story take, how long are we covering in the screenplay dialogues
  • adding sense of TIME 
  • first draft/treatment
6. Dramatic Unity
  • Screenplay 
  • gaps identified, filled in, 
  • essential scenes added, dialogue cut/fixed, etc.

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THE CENTRAL CONFLICT
  • THE PRIMARY QUEST OR GOAL WHICH THE MAIN CHARACTER WANTS TO ACHIEVE and the main obstacle which is in his/her way.
  • Can be summarized in a sentence "CHARACTER WANTS ....X..., THE PROBLEM IS....Y..."
  • The collision between forces and characters through which the action is developed and organized until the end.
  • Essential to the drama Without conflict, there is no drama
  • Finding solutions to conflict/problems/contradictions : the course of drama 
  • "To be or not to be, that is the question" ---To act or not to act, to do something or not to do something, to love someone or not to love someone…
CLASSIFICATIONS OF CONFLICTS:
  • A character can be in conflict with a human force (another person or group of them) 
  • A character can be in conflict with non-human forces - nature, or other obstacles (Twister, Twilight Zone, e.g.)
  • A character can be in conflict with him/herself
...OR ANY COMBINATION OF THESE --- SO LONG AS THERE IS ONE CLEARLY IDENTIFIABLE ENTRAL CONFLICT!

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THE STORYLINE

The term used to describe, in the shortest and most efficient way possible, the central conflict of a story. It must contain: 

  • Presentation of conflict 
  • Development of conflict 
  • Solution of Conflict
OR, to put it differently:
  • Something happens 
  • Something must be done 
  • Something is done
Because we're talking only about the conflict here, no need to talk about time or space or the complex relationship between characters 

(Storyline is not a declaration on life, not a question about life, not just the moral of the story.)

Keep it simple and STICK TO THE CONFLICT.

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CHARACTERS

When setting out to create characters within your screenplay, must consider all the following

  • Physical Characteristics 
  • Social Factors : Social class, religion, family, origins, job, educational/cultural level/status 
  • Psychological Factors: Ambitions, wishes, frustrations, sexuality, sensibilities, perceptions… 
  • Intellect and Emotions --- And how these LEAD TO ACTION define the Identity of a character. 
  • How does your character DO things & RESOLVE conflicts
All the actions, conflicts, objectives, in short, all that the character does should be consistent with that character's personality. You may in fact allow for change -and it will happen as the character goes through the story- but there should be some sense of consistency in what makes a characterh im/herself - a unique individual who does things his.her own way.

The best way to be clear on the character's personality and what types of actions are "credible" is to actually draw up a list of adjectives on one column and a corresponding list of actions in another column.  Example:
 
 

ADJECTIVES 
words that describe
ACTIONS
things character does
lazy sleeps late
slow does 10 things before walking out the door
methodical does 10 things to keep her toothbrush clean when brushing her teeth
sad cries, stares out of the window
energetic slaps a high five and cheers "let's do it" before everythign she does
studious studies ... for next week's assignment
etc

 
 
 

 

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THREE ACT STRUCTURE

PRESENTATION OF THE DRAMATIC ACTION

PLOT: THE HOW of the story: How does it get told?

  • Moves to create more expectation, anticipation, audience will want to know what happens next 
  • Totality (all the story, complete, all the parts working to advance the story, the same story. 
  • Unity Unity of space & time & characters & CONFLICT: Dramatic continuity
  • Sub-plots are allowed but they should not take away from the MAIN PLOT : HOW will out characters resolve the principal conflict.
FIRST ACT: 
    • Present the Problem 
    • Set-Up 
    • CHARACTER will enter into conflict
      • and/or destabilizing situation
      • and/or promise, expectation 
      • and/or anticipation of problem
SECOND ACT: 
    • Choices & Development of Action 
    • Character will have more conflicts as he finds solution to Central Conflict 
    • Complication of the problem 
    • and/or worsening of the situation 
    • and/or intent to stabilize, awareness of need to take action, taking the action to the limit 
    • and/or CRISIS


THIRD ACT: 

    • CLIMAX 
    • precipitated by the character's ACTION to Resolve MAIN CONFLICT
    • Solution of Problem. Unraveling (restoration) 
    • Character will reach the end (a different place, person, state of mind) after resolving the problem/Central Conflict. 
    • Resolution, return to stability - though changed.


[EPILOGUE : why the story happened/ was told]




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