Electrifying Poe: Research and Teaching on the Internet -- Draft

1. Which recent survey of the future needs of Poe scholarship will James L. Harner add to his Literary Research Guide (3d ed., New York: MLA, 1998) when the next edition appears?

2. From the more than 20 printings of the "The Raven" which appeared in Poe's lifetime, where can one find the full texts of five different versions?

3. For German-speaking readers of Poe, where is there a glossary of Poe's vocabulary linked to a representative text?

1. Prof. Harner's proposed revisions for the future fourth edition of the Guide, which include a survey of Poe scholarship, at on his Web page at <http://www-english.tamu.edu/pubs/lrg/>.

2. Hundreds of variant Poe texts are online in their original historical versions at the Web page of the Poe Society of Baltimore at <http://www.eapoe.org>.

3. A hypertext glossary of Poe works in German is at But perhaps the strangest thing about the Web today to those who were raised on print is the new culture of sharing. Many researchers and teachers who regularly post the results of their labors on the Web without restriction act as though there were no longer any such thing as copyright. Sharing is inherent in the new digital culture; indeed, since nearly any text, image, or sound can be replicated and duplicated, digital culture seem to be part of the common culture, whereas printed words remain individual property. Today, downloading, copying, and excerpting are quick, simple, and the socially norm, and, as a result, plagiarism no longer seems to many to be such a desised act of theft and deception. The changes in student behavior amount to nothing less than a generational revolution. Students are turning to the Internet (and away from traditional libraries) as their primary medium for research, and to computers as their primary medium for writing, facts which teachers cannot disregard except at their own risk.

Within the digital revolution of replication and reproduction of the last decade, several smaller mini-revolutions have taken place, each lasting only a few years. The "first generation" of web pages of the early 1990s offered a new world of electronic text -- in what now appears to have been, intellectually speaking, a brief "golden age" of plain content not yet self-conscious about its visual appearance. The "second generation" of web pages of the mid-1990s exploited the new pictorial potential of graphical advances in Web browsers, which all but required fancier typefaces, brighter colors, and more sophisticated layoutss. The "third generation" of web pages at the end of the 1990s, spurred by the rise of dot.com sites and their by the competition for our attention, demanded ever more eye-catching animations, visual metaphors, and interactions with the mouse and keyboard of the computer user. In less than a decade, the Web went from the electronic equivalent of a primitive but mature duplicator, such as an old mimeograph or Ditto machine, to an adolescent entertainment medium, rivaling the movie cartoon or video game.

I began the tracking of Web sites for Poe research late in 1996. After several revisions, my first report appeared in the spring of 1999 as "A Poe Webliography: Edgar Alan Poe on the Internet" in the delayed issue of Poe Studies 30 (1997) 1-20. It is also available online at <http://andromeda.rutgers.edu/~ehrlich/poesites.html>, and in keeping the online version up to date I retained all the original item numberings. But within a year so many changes had taken as to make the original structure virtually obsolete. Within a year, the error rate reached about 30%: the original basic list of 123 basic sites included 29 which ceased to exist and seven more which had moved to new addresses; moreover, new items which had become available could constitute more half of a fully integrated list. In addition, Web sites, unlike publications on paper, change in time, and our knowledge of them changes as they come into being or we discover new ways of finding them.

Any list such as this begins by reviewing existing bibliographies of Poe Web pages, by verifying each item for usefulness and accuracy. To expand any list, it is necessary to use Web directories and search engines. Because there are so many Web pages the and the Web is in constant flux, the number of unknown pages on a subject may well exceed the number of known pages. Since there are literally tens of thousands of Web sites on "Edgar Alan Poe," any search will prove exhausting before it proves exhaustive. Searching for a pattern of two or more targets will decrease the number of hits, but even searching for a natural combination such as "Poe and bibliography" will still return more than four thousand hits. (Does this mean that there are four thousand other Poe webliographers?) Since the results of a search are generally not given to us alphabetically, the order ion which they appear on the screen suggests a ranking of relative significance. But there are many search engines, and each produces different results from the same search and also a different means of ranking those results a procedure not always explained clearly.

The webliography below assumes that the user has already used conventional printed bibliographies, such as Eight American Authors (1971), the annuals of American Literary Scholarship, and the MLA International Bibliography and is familiar with standard editions (and the shortcomings of those editions) for Poe's works, letters, and life, and for the patterns of interpretation and controversy which have arisen concernign them. The present webliography is intended to be supplemental rathee than primary. For this reason it is arranged in inverted form, moving from items of specific intrest to those of increasingly general concern. There are five sections:

1) Starting Sites, a small selection of excellent URLs (web addresses) to sample what's available; 2) Primary Works, a survey of electronic Poe texts of good quality, and guides to library archives containign Poe material; 3) Poe Resources for research and teaching, containing guides, publications, and course syllabi; 4) Other Literary Resources not specifically devoted to Poe but also of general interest, containing guides, reference material, and publications; and 5) Internet Introductions, Guides, Directories, and Search Engines.

All Webliographies are tentative; at a given moment, particular sites may be unavailable because they are out of service, have changed their web address, or have been discontinued, and other sites are constantly being born or reborn. If you do not relish the idea of typing each of the Web addresses below into your browser, use the online version of this article, with active links, at <http://andromeda.rutgers.edu/~ehrlich/poenet.html.>

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1. POE: STARTING SITES

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SELECTED URLS:

1. The Edgar Allan Poe Society of Baltimore:
   <http://www.eapoe.org>

   The leading Poe Web site for serious research, intellectually ambitious and critically significant, fully deserving the attention of Poe scholars, and suitable for use by graduate students and upper-level undergraduates. Continually updated on multiple levels, including Poe bibliography, the state of Poe e-texts, and recent scholarly currents. The goal of this site under Mr. Jeffrey Savoye is to post an outline of everything Poe wrote and then to provide e-texts of a sampling of the variants and versions. The works, now about 375 in number and still growing, are verified against the actual historical editions upon which they are based. There are many Poe e-texts here which are available nowhere else: "Autography," "The Literati," "Marginalia," "The Journal of Julius Rodman," and many non-fiction articles, reviews, and notices. In addition, the site contains the Ostrom edition of Poe's Letters, Burton Pollin's Poe, Maker of Words, and articles from Poe Studies.

   Primary materials:
   · Index to works:
     <http://www.eapoe.org/works/index.htm>
   · Poems:
     <http://www.eapoe.org/works/poems/index.htm>
   · Tales:
     <http://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/index.htm>
   · Essays and sketches:
     <http://www.eapoe.org/works/essays/index.htm>
   · Miscellanies:
     <http://www.eapoe.org/works/misc/index.htm>
   · Criticisms:
     <http://www.eapoe.org/works/criticsm/index.htm>
   · Letters:
     <http://www.eapoe.org/works/letters/index.htm>

   Books in electronic form:
   · John Ostrom, ed., Letters:
     <http://www.eapoe.org/works/letters/index.htm>
   · Burton Pollin: Poe, Creator of Words (1974-1994:)
     <http://www.eapoe.org/papers/psblctrs/pl19741.htm>

   Secondary materials:
   · Articles in Poe Studies, 1966-1970:
     <http://www.eapoe.org/pstudies>
   · The Poe canon:
     <http://www.eapoe.org/works/canon/poecanon.htm>
   · Richmond, Philadelphia, New York, Virginia, other associations:
     <http://www.lfchosting.com/eapoe/links.htm>
   · Selected Topics:
     <http://www.eapoe.org/geninfo/poegen.htm>
     The topics include Poe's biography, his relations to Griswold, his death, his appearance and portraits, his use of drugs and alcohol, his religion, his enduring fame, his middle name, his family and friends, his enemies, his family tree, his his interests in music, phrenology, and where he lived, worked, and visited. In addition, minor material may be found here on Poe artifacts, his writings as autobiography, his place as the father of detective fiction and science fiction, his humor, his interest in horror and the supernatural, his use of imagination and fantasy, his literary miscellanies, his finances, his sources and influences, and his dreams of his own magazine.

2. The Fall of the House Of Usher (Peter Forrest-Lindquist):

<http://www.comnet.ca/~forrest>

Deservedly the most heavily trafficked Poe site on the web, always interesting and entertaining with its graphics and audio, yet never without serious substance. In all, a fine starting site for both students and the general reader, with strong ingredients of its own and wide links to other resources.

· Essays and Criticisms:
  <http://deathstar.comnet.ca/~forrest/essays.html>
· Poe's Virtual Library:
  <http://www.comnet.ca/~forrest/library.html>
  The unexpected range of topics includes (alphabetically) audio, beer, bibliography, biography, clothing, comics, complete works, conferences, cruises, criticism, essays, exhibits, historical sites, humor, home pages, images, movies, multimedia, musicals, personalities, poems, poetry journals, quotations, restaurants, search, signature, societies, songs, stories, theater, translations, web sites, and works.
· Research:
  <http://www.comnet.ca/~forrest/research.html>
  Resources for research include associations and learned Societies, biographical resources, journal articles, and Poe collections of U.S. universities and libraries.
· Poe's favorite haunts: in New York, Baltimore, Philadelphia, and Richmond
  <http://www.comnet.ca/~forrest/haunts.html>

See also
· Help files:
  <http://www.comnet.ca/~forrest/helpfile.html>
· French language version of this site:
  <http://www.comnet.ca/~forrest/francais/poe.html>.
· Interview of Peter Forrest-Lindquist in Ottowa Citizen>, 7 Oct. 1999:
  <http://www.comnet.ca/~forrest/citizenPOE.html>

3. American Literature 1820-1890: English 311 (Donna Campbell):

<http://www.gonzaga.edu/faculty/campbell/enl311/poe.htm>

The most extensive site for Poe in the classroom, full of useful resources for discussions and assignments. Part of a larger site for a course in nineteenth century American Literature, which includes Web pages for American authors, timelines, movements, and related web sites:

· Main page for English 311 course (American Literature, 1820-1890):
  <http://www.gonzaga.edu/faculty/campbell/enl311/index.html>
· Selected bibliography of Poe (August 1999):
  <http://www.gonzaga.edu/faculty/campbell/enl311/poebib.htm>
· Brief lecture notes
  <http://www.gonzaga.edu/faculty/campbell/enl311/poenotes.html>
  Topics for discussion include Sherwood Anderson, Wolfgang Kayser, Kenneth Silverman, and Floyd Stovall.
· Lecture Notes on Poe from Prof. Campbell's English 311:
  <http://www.gonzaga.edu/faculty/campbell/enl311/1-16-98.html>
· American Literature Web sites
  <http://www.gonzaga.edu/faculty/campbell/enl311/indexa.html>
  Sections on general subjects, books, 19th century periodicals, primary sources, miscellaneous resources:
· Lecture notes:
  <http://www.gonzaga.edu/faculty/campbell/enl311/lecture.htm>
· Poe sites:
  <http://www.gonzaga.edu/faculty/campbell/enl413/sites.htm>
· Sites in American literature:
  <http://www.gonzaga.edu/faculty/campbell/enl311/sites.htm>
· NPR and CPAN audio book clubs:
  <http://www.gonzaga.edu/faculty/campbell/enl311/bookclub.htm>

4. Perspectives on American Literature: A Research and Reference Guide (Paul R. Reuben):

<http://www.csustan.edu/english/reuben/pal/chap3/poe.html>

A very useful teaching resource for Poe, with an extensive introducution to and overview of research and reference resources in American literature. The subjects include bibliography, Internet sites, a discussion of the rabies controversy, Poe's influence and themes, paradoxes in Poe, types of short stories, aesthetic theories, study questions, and an MLA citation style. All these features are on a single Web page, easy to print or download.

5. Edgar A.Poe:

<http://www.edgarallanpoe.de>

An outstandingly stylish and elegant creation using multimedia and multilingual resources by ECO Media, the producer of a Poe documentary film. No other Poe web site approaches this one as a cutting edge model of what can be done with creative, memorable, and appropriate media techniques. Although there's a plain text HTML-version, to fully appreciate the site it's worth the extra time to download, install, and load the required Macromedia software to run the Flash-version -- which you can have at no charge should you not already have it. Be sure to load and run all the program modules. Incidentally, Peter Forrest-Lindquist served as an adviser to the production.

"The Raven," for example, is enriched with texts in English, French (the Stephane Mallarmé translation), and German, and audio readings in English (two) and German, with a choice of three different sound effects background. Instructional aims are not neglected in the media feast: for readers of German, the primary language of the site, there's a glossary to support Poe's original text using simple mouseovers. And there's a rationale given to credit the visual metaphors used in the production.

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2. POE: PRIMARY WORKS

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2A. ELECTRONIC TEXTS:

A selected census of electronic editions of Poe

Poe Edition	Location of electronic texts
Tamerlane and Other Poems (1827) Al Aaraaf, Tamerlane & Minor Poems (1829) Poems (1830)	Poe Society of Baltimore
Southern Literary Messenger items	Making of America (Michigan)
Arthur Gordon Pym (1838) Tales of Grotesque & Arabesque (1840) Tales (1845)	Early American Fiction (Chadwyck-Healey/Virginia), Poe Society of Baltimore
Tales (1845)	Digitized Library of Southern Literature (North Carolina)
The Raven and Other Poems (1845)	Poe Society of Baltimore
Eureka (1848)	Poe Society of Baltimore
Griswold Works (1850--)	Poe Society of Baltimore
"Raven" edition (5 v., New York: Collier, 1903)	Project Gutenberg
Whitty, Complete Poems (1911)	American Verse Project (Michigan)
"Borzoi" edition (2v., New York: Knopf, 1946)	UM-St.L, Alex, Concordance, Netlibrary
Ostrom, Letters	Poe Society of Baltimore

Note: None of the standard editions of Poe (Harrison, Mabbott-Pollin, LOA) is available online. Some notes from the Mabbott-Pollin edition have been incorporated in the e-texts at Toronto and the Poe Society of Baltimore. Although some other sites use Harrison pagination for a group of about 30 tales, the texts they use are not derived from the Harrison edition.

6. University of Missouri-St. Louis: Borzoi edition:

<gopher://gopher.umsl.edu:70/11/library/stacks/books/poe>

The Borzoi edition (eds., Arthur Hobson Quinn and Edward H. O'Neill, 2 v. New York: Knopf, 1946), which went offline when the Eris collection at Virginia Tech closed in 1998, is still available at several alternate sites:

· With search engine and HTML-encoded texts from Stefan Gmoser:
  <http://bau2.uibk.ac.at/sg/poe>
· With concordance and search utility:
  <http://www.concordance.com/poe.htm>
· Archive copy: at Alex: A Catalog of Electronic Texts on the Internet :
  <http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/alex/>
· Another copy at Netlibrary (registration required):
  <http://www.netlibrary.com>

7. Project Gutenberg, "Raven" edition (1903):

<http://promo.net/pg/index.html>

Project Gutenberg, the earliest and the largest archive of free and unformatted literary e-texts, recently added the complete five-volume "Raven" edition of Poe (New York: Collier, 1903). Although there are 120 Poe works at this site, apparently the author index lists only 85 of them.

8. Complete Poems (1911), ed J. H. Whitty:

<http://www.hti.umich.edu/bin/amv-idx.pl?page=bibl>

An electronic facsimile edition of J. H. Whitty, Complete Poems (1911) at the American Verse Project, University of Michigan, which includes a "memoir, textual notes and bibliography," containing 86 pages of introduction and 297 pages of editorial commentary. But Whitty's text contains (reproduced here without any warning) some nine (9) poems of doubtful authorship which Mabbott rejected: "An Enigma" (p. 146), "From an Album" (p. 141), "Gratitude" (p. 144)", Hymn to Aristogeiton and Harmodius" (p. 158), "The Great Man" (p. 144), "The Magician" (p, 156), "The Mammoth Squash" (p. 159), "The Skeleton Hand" (p. 153), and "To Sarah" (p. 142) (Mabbott, Collected Works, 1:593 and passim).

9. A Digitized Library of Southern Literature (Univ. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill):
   <http://metalab.unc.edu/docsouth/poe/poe.html">

   The 1845 edition of Tales: "The Gold-bug," "The Black Cat," "Mesmeric Revelation," "Lionizing," "The Fall of the House of Usher," "A Descent into the Maelstrom," "The Colloquy of Monos and Una," "The Conversation of Eiros and Charmion," "The Murders in the Rue Morgue," "The Mystery of Marie Roget." "The Purloined Letter," "The Man in the Crowd." It is possible that historical spellings might have been effaced by modernization through auto-correction of scans: "Spell-check and verification made against printed text using Author/Editor (SoftQuad) and Microsoft Word spell checkers."

10. Eight poems from Representative Poetry On-Line>:

<http://library.utoronto.ca/www/utel/rp/authors/poe.html>

"Annabel Lee," "The City in the Sea," "A Dream," "A Dream within a Dream," "For Annie," "The Raven," "To Helen," and "To -- -- --. Ulalume: A Ballad," edited by Ian Lancashire and others.

Each poem contains line-encoded notes and the publication history of the text, citing editions in Poe's lifetime, annotations in the J. Lorimer Graham copy, and editions by Griswold (1850), Mabbott (1969), and others. See also the Toronto encoding guidelines:
  <http://library.utoronto.ca/www/utel/rp/tagging.html>
  Although intended to be "part of the TACT manual to be published by the Modern Language Association," when that CD-ROM was published, these texts were not included.

11. The Making of America project: Univ. of Michigan:

<http://www.umdl.umich.edu/moa/>

The Making of America project at Michigan and Cornell is a massive digitization and preservation project of mid-19th century books and magazines, many of which have become too bulky and too fragile to be stored in stacks and annex locations.

A search for "Poe" at http://moa.umdl.umich.edu/: returned 2566 matches in 1175 books or journals, including the complete run of the Southern Literary Messenger. Early in the project all information was retrieved as full-page digital images, but full text versions are gradually being made available.

The direct addresses for 78 items signed by or attributed to Poe in the Southern Literary Messenger:
  · <http://moa.umdl.umich.edu/browse.author/p.40.html> (midpage to bottom)
  · <http://moa.umdl.umich.edu/browse.author/p.41.html>
  · <http://moa.umdl.umich.edu/browse.author/p.42.html>
  · <http://moa.umdl.umich.edu/browse.author/p.43.html> (top to midpage)

More images of Poe material are in the MOA project at Making of America - Cornell:
  <http://moa.cit.cornell.edu>

12. Daguerreotype of Poe, Lowell, MA, June 1849:
    <http://getty.edu/museum/objects/Photographs/84_XT_957_A.htm>

13. "The Daguerrreotype," Alexander's Weekly Magazine>, Jan. 15, 1840:
    <http://www.cis.yale.edu/amstud/inforev/poe.html>

14. Poe's reviews of Hawthorne tales:

<http://eldred.ne.mediaone.net/nh/nhcrit.html>

The Library of America text of three reviews by Poe:
· "Twice Told Tales," Graham's Magazine, April, 1842:
  <http://eldred.ne.mediaone.net/nh/nhpoea.html>
· "Twice Told Tales," Graham's Magazine, May, 1842:
  <http://eldred.ne.mediaone.net/nh/nhpoe1.html>
· "Tale-Writing" Godey's Lady's Book, Nov. 1847:
  <http://eldred.ne.mediaone.net/nh/nhpoe2.html>.

15. German translations of 28 Poe tales:
    <http://gutenberg.aol.de/autoren/poe.htm>
    See additional French, Spanish, and other foreign sites

    Note: Poe e-texts are available through many additional sites. See the Appendix for locations of e-text versions of Poe's main editions.

    2B. LIBRARY HOLDINGS

16. Early American Fiction project of University of Virginia and Chadwyck-Healey:

<http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/eaf/authors/eap.html>

A project of Chadwyck-Healey and the University of Virginia to cover Early American Fiction (before 1850), including texts of Poe's Arthur Gordon Pym (1838), Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque (1840), and Tales (1845), to be published on commercial CD-ROM and made available online to subscribing institutions. See the next item.

· University of Virginia Sesquicentennial Poe Memorial (1999)
<http://etext.virginia.edu/poe/>
The new Chadwyck-Healey/Virginia e-text of Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque. The site also contains an online sesquicentennial exhibition to celebrate Poe's letters at the University of Virginia, The Valentine Museum, and the Richmond Poe Museum and links to 30 older Poe e-texts at Virginia.

· Three Poe biographies from 19th century encyclopedias and links to 30 older Poe e-texts at Virginia collections:
<http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/eaf/authors/first/eap.html>.

17. Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center (Univ. of Texas)
    <http:.lib.utexas.edu/hrc/fa/poe.e.bio.html>
    Descriptions of the James H. Whitty and William H. Koester collections.

18. Sheridan Libraries Special Collections (Johns Hopkins Univ.)
    <http://archives.mse.jhu.edu:8000/sc-colle.html#literature>

19. The Harris Collection, John Hay Library, Brown University Library (under construction)   <http://www.brown.edu/Facilities/University_Library/general/guides/harrishome/Harris.ResGuide.html

20. Charles F. Heartman Papers, McCain Library, Univ. of Southern Mississippi   <http://www.lib.usm.edu/~archives/m094.htm>

21. Morgan Library Exhibit, "Poe: The Ardent Imagination," 1999
    <http:.comnet.ca/~forest/nyc_library.html>

    · The exhibit factsheet is at <http://www.comnet.ca/~forrest/fact_sheet.html>

22. The Ingram-Poe Collection: University of Virginia Library (John C. Miller)
    <http://gopher.lib.virginia.edu/speccol/colls/poemill.html>

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    3. POE: RESOURCES FOR RESEARCH

    ---

    3A. POE RESEARCH GUIDES

23. A Poe Webliography: Edgar Allan Poe on the Internet:
    <http://andromeda.rutgers.edu/~ehrlich/poesites.html>

    An annotated critical webliography of Poe resources, originally published in Poe Studies, 30 (1997) 1-20, updated March 2000.

24. Internet Public Library: Literary Criticism: Poe:

<http://www.ipl.org/cgi-bin/ref/litcrit/litcrit.out.pl?au=poe-10>

Guides to online literary resources, reference works, searching, texts, and criticisms on Poe from IPL: The Internet Public Library at the University of Michigan School of Information.

See also specialized guides to
· Criticism of Poe tales:
  <http://www.ipl.org/cgi-bin/ref/litcrit/litcrit.out.pl?ti=col-221>
· Reading suggestions from the IPL Youth division:
  <http://www.ipl.org/youth>

25. The OnLine Books Page:

<http://digital.library.upenn.edu/books/index.html>

Select "Authors" and then "Poe." Twenty-one 21 Poe items, mostly at the Michigan, Virginia, St. Louis, and Gutenberg sites. This guide was formerly maintained at CMU.

26. AITLC: Access Indiana Teaching & Learning Center:
    <http://tlc.ai.org/poe.htm>
    Poe online resources sorted by literary type.

27. Gale Research:
    <http://www.galenet.com/servlet/LitIndex>
    Cites the discussions of Poe in 14 literary reference works published by Gale.

28. American Literature on the Web: Edgar Allan Poe:
    <http://www.nagasaki-gaigo.ac.jp/iskikawa/amlit/p/poe19ro.htm>
    Home pages, general resources, writings, and related sites.

29. Cybertour: Edgar Allan Poe:
    <http://www.hom-net/~speedy/eapoebio.htm>
    Home pages, general resources, writings, and related sites.

30. Byrne Library Guide to Edgar Allan Poe:
    <http://camellia.shc.edu/byrne/RefGuide/edgar.htm>
    Bibliographies, criticism, indexes, journals, online catalog.

31. Rose State College (Oklahoma):
    <http://www.rose.cc.ok.us/research/re05094.htm>
    Books on Poe with LC call numbers, local CD-ROM resources, and Internet links.

    · For Poe projects, see images and sound:
      <http://www.2learn.ca/currlinks/2teach/NetSplore/Poe1.html>

32. Dauphin County Library System: CyberTour:

<http://dcls.org/reference/poe.html>
33. Author sheet: Treatment of Poe in books:

<http://www.clpgh.org/clp/Humanities/poe.html>
34. Western Connecticut State University Library: Poe resources:
    <http://www.wcsu.ctstateu.edu/library/gd_poe.html>

35. Connecticut State Library:
    <http:.wcsu.ctstateu.edu/library/gd_poe.html>

    3B. POE REFERENCE

    POE BIOGRAPHIES IN 19th CENTURY ENCYCLOPEDIAS:

36. Oscar Fay Adams, A Dictionary of American Authors (1901)
    <http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/eaf/authors/adams/eapAd.html>

    Samuel Austin Allibone, A Critical History of English Literature and British and American Authors (1900):
    <http://etext.virginia.edu/eaf/authors/allibone/eapAl.html>

    Evert A. Duyckinck, Cyclopedia of American Literature (1856):
    <http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/eaf/authors/cal/eapCal.html>

37. Poe in Bartlett's Familiar Quotations> (1901):

<http://www.cc.columbia.edu/acis/bartleby/bartlett/432.html>
38. Poe in Concise Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia >:

<http://www.encyclopedia.com/articles/10321.html>
39. Bibliomania:
    <http://www.bibliomania.com>

    · Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable (1894):
      <http://www.bibliomania.com/Reference/>

    · Webster's Dictionary:
      <http://www.bibliomania.com/Reference/Webster/index.html>

40. Poe in Edward Simonds, A Student's History of American Literature>:
    <http://www.bibliomania.com/Reference/Simonds/SHAL/p5-chap4.html>

    · The Index:
      <http://www.bibliomania.com/Reference/Simonds/SHAL/index.html>>
      Includes School days at the University of Virginia, Tamerlane and Other Poems, in the army, at West Point, poetry, romantic tales, editorial work, marriage, The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym, Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque, critical reviews, the analytical tales, "The Murders of the Rue Morgue," "The Mystery of Marie Roget," "The Goldbug," editorial work, "The Raven", Tales, republications, death of his wife, Eureka, his death, Poe as a critic, as a romancer, as a poet.

    POE SCHOLARS:

41. A few Poe scholars who have their own web pages or whose work has been posted by others:

    · Eric Carlson in Dictionary of Literary Biography> (V. 74):
        <http://stanley.feldberg.brandeis.edu/~teuber/poebio.html#MainEssaySection>
        Part of Poe Biography: <http://stanley.feldberg.brandeis.edu/~teuber/poebio.html>

    · William Howarth's Home page:
        <http://www.princeton.edu/~howarth>
        William Howarth, "Teaching with Web Sites":
       <http://www.princeton.edu/~howarth/paw.html>
        American Renaissance 361: Class page:
        <http://www.princeton.edu/~howarth/361/Pages/361.html>
        361 Class Links:
        <http://www.princeton.edu/~howarth/361/Pages/links.html>
        Web Resources:
        <http://www.princeton.edu/~howarth/361/Pages/web.html>

    · Kent Ljungquist in Worldbook Encyclopedia:
       <http://www.worldbookonline.com/na/ar/fs/ar436120.htm>
       With Poe portrait and how to cite the online article.

    · John Ostrom, ed., Letters:
      <http://www.eapoe.org/works/letters/index.htm>

    · Burton Pollin: Poe, Creator of Words (1974-1994:)
      <http://www.eapoe.org/papers/psblctrs/pl19741.htm>

    · Shawn Rosenheim, Edgar Allan Poe Cryptographic Challenge::
       <http://www.bokler.com/eapoe.html>

    · Terence Whalen, Edgar Allan Poe and the Masses:
       <http://pup.princeton.edu/titles/6642.html>
       Publisher's announcement.
       See also Table of contents: <http://pup.princeton.edu/TOCs/c6642.html>

42. Bibliography of short fiction of American Romanticism
    http://www.vcu.edu/engweb/eng491/bib.htm

    3C. POE JOURNALS, BOOKS, PUBLISHERS, REVIEWS

43. Poe Studies/Dark Romanticism:

<http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~english/PoeStudies.html>

The home page of Poe Studies/Dark Romanticism, Alexander Hammond, editor, and Jana L. Argersinger, associate editor.

· Bibliography of articles in Poe Studies, V. 23-30:
  http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~english/PoeStudiesIndex.html

44. PSA Newsletter:
    <http://www.an.psu.edu/bac7/poe.html>

The PSA Newsletter column is online as "Poe in Cyberspace" at <http://newark.rutgers.edu/~ehrlich/psa/>.

45. Amazon:

<http://www.amazon.com>

The holdings of online booksellers may be used to approximate the contents of Books in Print. A search here for "Edgar Allan Poe" produced 694 listings.

46. Barnes and Noble:
    <http://www.barnesandnoble.com> (Also at <http:.bn.com.>)

    A search for "Edgar Allan Poe" returned 205 current Poe titles and 765 additional out of print, used, or rare items.

47. Abebooks:

<http://www.abebooks.com>

A search for "Edgar Allan Poe" discovered 2,867 items from independent booksellers.

48. Alibris:

<http://www2.alibris.com/cgi-bin/texis/bookstore>
49. Bibliofind:

<http://www.bibliofind.com/books>
50. Bookfinder:

<http://www.bookfinder.com/>
51. Bookwire

<http://www.bookwire.com>
52. Heath Anthology of American Literature>:
    <http://www.hmco.com/college/english/heath/index.html>
    A major resource for articles, commentary, hypertext instructor's guide, texts, and contexts.

    · Classroom strategies of William Goldhurst for Poe's major themes, significant form, original audience, questions, annotated bibliography.
      <http://www.hmco.com/college/english/heath/syllabuild/iguide/poe.html >
    · Newsletter of the Heath Anthology:
      <http://www.georgetown.edu/tamlit/newsletter/index.html>
    · William Howarth, Princeton University: "Teaching with Web Sites":
      <http://www.hmco.com/college/english/heath/howarth.htm>

53. X. J. Kennedy & Dana Gioia's Literature, 7th ed.:
    <http://longman//www.awl.com/kennedy/poe/biography.html>
    Poe biography, criticism, bibliography, links, audio recordings.

    See also:
    Researching online Microsoft Word document, RTF, 660K
    <http://longman.awl.com/kennedy/researchingOnline.html>
    Poe: Student resources:
      <http://occ.awlonline.com/bookbind/pubbooks/kennedylfpd_awl/chapter34/deluxe.html>

54. Norton Anthology of American Literature> online
    <http:.wwnorton.com/naal>

    See also:
    · Timeline, 1820-1865
      <http://www.wwnorton.com/naal/timeline/1865t.htm>
    · Site search tool
      <http://www.wwnorton.com/naal/search/naalx.htm>
    · Poe Exploration
      <http://www.wwnorton.com/naal/index/elist.htm>
    · Romanticism, Transcendentalism, and Individual Voices, 1820-1865
      <lhttp://www.wwnortno.com/naal/topic/romatnicism.htm>

55. Bedford/St. Martins Research, Criticism, and Internet Guide:
    <http://www.bedfordstmartins.com/english_research/>

·See also Literature Links:
  <http://www.bedfordstmartins.com/litlinks/>

56. Two 19th century Atlantic Monthly reviews:

    · Poetical Works (October, 1859):
    <http://www.theatlantic.com/unbound/classrev/poe1.htm>
    · Woodberry and Stedman (April, 1896):
    <http://www.theatlantic.com/unbound/classrev/poe2.htm>

57. New York Times Book Reviews and Book News:

<http://www.nytimes.com/books>

A search of the archive of book reviews and book news since 1980 by an electronic subscriber to The New York Times (registration required, no charge) returned 22 items which discuss or mention Poe.

58. New York Review of Books
    <http://www.nybooks.com/nyrev/index.html>
    The index contains 40 mentions of Poe in articles since 1966.

    3D. POE TOPICS AND MEDIA

59. Medical Humanities: Literature, Arts, and Medicine Database:

<http://endeavor.med.nyu.edu/lit-med/lit-med-db/topview.html>

*** check out *** 38th edition, January 2000. Search the "Literature Database" and "The Reading Room" for discussions of medical aspects of "The Conqueror Worm," "The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar," "For Annie," "Hop-Frog," "The Imp of the Perverse," "The Masque of the Red Death," "Sonnet - to Science," "The System of Doctor Tarr and Professor Feather," and "A Tale of the Ragged Mountains."

60. Robert Block, "Poe and Lovecraft":

<http://www.creative.net/~alang/lit/horror/bloch.sht>
61. David Tomlinson, "The Humor of Edgar Allan Poe":

<http://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/E/poe_humor/poexx.htm>
62. Paul Collins, "Tuberculosis and Poe's Ligeia":

<http://users.aol.com/paulcllins/respoe.html>
63. Alberto Cappi's discussion of Eureka:

<http://boas5.bo.astro.it/~cappi/poe1.html>
64. "The Oval Portrait" -- text and detailed notes from eight articles:

<http://itech.fgcu.edu/faculty/wohlpart/alra/poe.htm>
65. John H. Lienhard, "Poe's Conchology":
    <http://www.uh.edu/engines/epi1090.htm>
    In part a response to Stephen Jay Gould.

66. W. Leigh Branson, "Edgar Allan Poe's Literary Neighborhood":

<http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Ithaca/5485/>
Poe's relations with Graham's and Godey's magazines.
67. Poe on NPR (audio): Talk of the Nation, 31 Oct. 1996:

<http://www.real.com/contentp/npr/ne6o31.html>
68. Poe on PBS (video):

<http://shop.pbs.org/c20hpPnJwh/products/A1450/>
69. Gothic.Net: extensive list of Poe films:

<http://www.gothic.net/poe/media.html>
70. Filmography search for Poe film credits:

<http://us.imdb.com/M/person-exact?+Poe,+Edgar+Allan>
71. Le film fantastique:

<http://www.lamediatheque.be/Fantastique/Festival1999/Poe.htm>

Notes in French on 16 Poe films and the distinguished directors who produced them from 1935 to 1995, gathered for Le film fantastique> festival (1999).

3E. POE HYPERTEXTS AND INSTRUCTIONAL RESOURCES:

GRADUATE:

72. American Studies 602, Univ. of Maryland
    <otal.umd.edu/amst/bib.htm>
    Annotated bibliography of internet resources.

73. English 569: Markup Languages and Hypertext Projects (Univ. of Washington)
    <www.cartah.washington.edu/SGMLWEB/hytxt_our.html>

74. English 491 Web Sites (VCU)
    <www.wcu.edu/engweb/eng491/weblinks.htm>

    UNDERGRADUATE:

75. Virginia Colophon project:

<http://xroads.virginia.edu/~HYPER/POE/colophon.html>

· Main site:
  <http://xroads.virginia.edu/~HYPER/main.html>
· Hypertext:
  <http://xroads.virginia.edu/~HYPER/hypertex.html>
· Index:
  <http://xroads.virginia.edu/~HYPER/index.html>

76. CWRL projects (Texas):

<http://www.cwrl.utexas.edu/~daniel/amlit/amlit.html>
Resources for the American Literature survey from student projects at Texas (since 1995).
77. "The Fall of the House of Usher" Page at the University of Texas:

<http://www.cwrl.utexas.edu/~mmaynard/Poe/poe.html>
78. American Studies Web: Reference and Research:
    <http://www.georgetown.edu/crossroads/asw/>

    · Literature, criticism, hypertext:
      <http://www.georgetown.edu/crossroads/asw/lit.html>
    · Paul Lauter:
      <http://www.georgetown.edu/crossroads/interroads/lauter4.html>
    · American Studies Virtual Library:
      <http://www.georgetown.edu/crossroads/reference.html>
      Links to primary texts, images, Hytelnet, American Quarterly, ASA Newsletter, locating resources, H-Amstdy discussion list.

79. Adam Michaels, "The Fall of the House of Usher" (Penn):

<http://www.english.upenn.edu/~poe/usher.html>
80. Palimpsest Online! Penn State's Electronic Classics Series::

<http://www2.hn.psu.edu/faculty/jmanis/poe.htm>

81. The Writing Center of William Rainey Harper College:

<http://info2.harper.cc.il.us/writ_ctr/poe.htm>
Includes commentaries on five Poe tales.
82. The Poe Perplex
    <http://www.nadn.navy.mil/EnglishDept/poeperplex/thepoepe.htm>
    Results of a Poe class project at the Naval Academy in 1996, available again after a hiatus.

    SECONDARY SCHOOLS:

83. 2Learn:

<http://www.2learn.ca/currlinks/2teach/netsteps/poe.html>

Structured Poe links for the study of electronic texts, biography, rumors and idiosyncrasies, literary analysis, influence, themes, sites, and general reference -- aimed at grades 8-12 in Canada but suitable for some introductory college courses.

84. Poe Lightly by Rosemary Hamilton:
    <http://www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1983/3/83.03.06.x.html>
    Yale-New Haven Teachers Institute

85. Early American Literature, 1600-1900, Resources for K-12:

<http://falcom.jmu.edu/~ramseyil/amlit.htm>
86. Analyzing Poe by Mary E. Falgout and Anne de Graauw:

<http://www.challenge.state.la.us/edres/lessons/middle/lesson9.htm>
87. Poe Decoder:
    <http://www.poedecoder.com/>

    The main contributors and their sections are:
        · Christoffer Nilsson: Qrisse's Page <http://www.poedecoder.com/Qrisse/>
        · Martha Womack: Precisely Poe <http://www.poedecoder.com/PreciselyPoe/>

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    4. GENERAL LITERARY RESOURCES

    ---

    4A. GENERAL LITERARY GUIDES

88. James Harner, Literary Research Guide:

<http://www-english.tamu.edu/pubs/lrg/>

Full working notes towards the future fourth edition of James Harner, Literary Research Guide (3rd, ed., New York: MLA, 1998)

89. MLA Documentation for World Wide Web sources:
    <http://www.mla.org/style/>

90. Voice of the Shuttle:

<http://humanitas.ucsb.edu/shuttle/eng-amer.html#19th">

The most important and extensive general Web site for literary and humanistic research, containing links to sites for e-texts, theory, criticism, and syllabi -- classified by nationality, period, author, genre, and special topics. Maintained by Alan Liu at the University of California, Santa Barbara

91. Jack Lynch: Literary Resources on the Net
    <http://andromeda.rutgers.edu/~jlynch/Lit/american.html>

    A fine, selective starting site for literary resources on the Web, maintained by Jack Lynch at Rutgers University, Newark.

92. Humbul:

<http://www.hcu.ox.ac.uk/humbul/>

"Humbul," an acronym for "humanities bulletin board," was one of the first British centers for literary computing to go online.

See also
· Literature Resources:
  <http://www.hcu.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/humbul/section.pl?SECTION=litt>
· Humanities Computing Resources:
  <http://www.hcu.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/humbul/section.pl?SECTION=hume>
· Electronic Text Resources:
  <http://www.hcu.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/humbul/section.pl?SECTION=e-text>

93. The English Server at Carnegie Mellon:

<http://english-www.hss.cmu.edu/>

One of the earliest online sites for literary study, long operated by graduate students at Carnegie Mellon University. It contains guides to the Internet and its resources and a searchable database of more than 27,000 items.

See also
· Internet introduction:
  <http://english-www.hss.cmu.edu/internet/>,
  Covering internet basics, articles and essays, activist groups, text collections, style guides, dictionaries, and technical aspects
· Academic resources, organizations, issues:
  <http://english-www.hss.cmu.edu/academy/>

94. Electronic Resources for Literature Teachers:
    <http://eagle.cc.ukans.edu/~kconrad/eleclit.html>

    Gateways, sample sites, online journals, online teaching resources from Profs. Kathryn Conrad and Haskell Springer at the University of Kansas.

95. American Literature Online:

<http://web.missouri.edu/~engmo/amlit.html>
Michael O'Conner, Univ. of Missouri
96. The UCLA Humanities E-Compass:

<http://www.humnet.ucla.edu/e-compass/courses/title.html>
A searchable WWW Links Database created for student use.
97. Mississippi Gulf Coast Community College:
    <http://www2.mgccc.cc.ms.us/~lrc/english_links.htm>
    Resources for literature, criticism, e-texts, and writing.

98. Waterboro, ME Public Library:
    <http://www.waterboro.lib.me.us/books.htm>
    General Literature Resources from Waterboro Public Library on the Maine Lit ring.

99. Pathfinder Subject Research Guide and Webliographies:
    <http:.marshall.edu/isp/ct109/path2.htm>

100. University of Connecticut Libraries:

<http://www.lib.uconn.edu/subjectareas/engweb.html>
English and American Literary Resources and Web Sites arranged by period.

4B. GENERAL REFERENCE

101. Bartleby (formerly at Columbia Univ.):

<http://www.bartleby.com>

· Bartleby Reference:
  <http:.bartleby.com/reference/>
  Contains the Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed., American Heritage Dictionary, 3rd. ed (1996); Roget's II: The New Thesaurus, 3rd ed (1995); Bartlett's Familiar Quotations, 9th ed (1901); Cambridge History of English and American Literature (18 vols, 1907-21); and others.
    & · Poe bibliography from Cambridge History, V. 16
  <http://www.bartleby.com/226/0500.html>
· Bartleby Verse:
  <http://www.bartleby.com/verse/>
  Pre-1920s editions of the Yale Book of American Verse, ed. Thomas R. Lounsbury; Palgrave's Golden Treasury; the Oxford Book of English Verse; Modern American Poetry (1919); and the works of poets from Homer to Eliot.

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5. INTERNET INTRODUCTIONS, SEARCH ENGINES, DIRECTORIES

---

5A. INTERNET INTRODUCTIONS

102. Netsurfer Digest
     <http:.netsurf.com/nsd>

     A weekly report on selected web sites, available directly by e-mail or from its Web site; back issues to 1994 are archived; specialty editions are issued for science, education, and books.

103. Internet Scout Project (Wisconsin):
     <http:.signpost.org/signpost/>

     Funded by the National Science foundation. An attempt to apply LC classifications such as General works/reference (AC-AZ) and Language and Literature (P-PZ).

     · Internet Scout: Net Happenings:
       <http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/index.html>
       Weekly reports on new web pages not yet indexed in search engines (also in Usenet news).
     · Latest Scout reports:
       <http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/report/sr/current/index.html>
     · Scout Report
       <http://www.signpost.org/signpost/search/index.html>
       Search by site, author, LC heading, resources.

104. Horizon -- The Technology Source newsletter for educators:

<http://horizon.unc.edu/TS>
105. David Mundie's Cyberdewey categories:
     <http://users.telerama.com/~mundie/CyberDewey/CyberDewey.html>
     

106. Librarians evaluate data:
     <http://bones.anderson.edu/library/rhule.html>
     

107. Librarian's Internet Index at Berkeley Sunsite:

<http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/InternetIndex/>
Go to Authors and then General Resources.
108. Byrne Library: Springhill College, Mobile AL:

<http://camellia.shc.edu/BYRNE/websources.htm>
General resources, searching tips, evaluating sources.

· See also the Electronic library for databases and electronic indexes:
  <http://camellia.shc.edu/BYRNE/elibrary.htm>
· Web resources:
  <http://camellia.shc.edu/BYRNE/websources.htm>

109. North Harris College Library Internet Research Guide (Houston, Texas):

<http://students.nhmccd.edu/learn/lrc/net/netsites.html>

Online Internet Research: including extensive guides to search engines, subject guides, general reference, indexes, magazines/journals, news, and other topics.

· Weaving Your Assignments into the Web:
  <http://students.nhmccd.edu/learn/lrc/research.webweave.html>
  Hints for faculty members.
· Research Guide for students:
  <http://students.nhmccd.edu/learn/lrc/research/guide.html>

110. West Morris Regional High School District, Mendham, NJ:
     <http://www.wmmhs.org/researchguide.htm>
     Extensive introduction and guide to writing research papers.

     5B. DIRECTORIES AND SEARCH ENGINES

     Altavista, Ask Jeeves, Directhit, DMOZ, Google, Olingo, Snap, Yahoo, and many other query sites maintain edited directories, which may be a better place to start a query than with a raw search. A typical structure will have a path leading through Arts, Literature, American Literature, and 19th Century to Poe. If you must search, a raw query on "Poe, Edgar Allan" will be more accurate than one on "Poe" alone, but one using boolean logic, such as "Poe and cyrptography" or "Poe and criticism not American" will do even better. Use Northernlight or Elibrary for abstracts of articles in recent periodicals; to retrieve the entire article will require payment per item or a paid subscription. Be sure also to consult your local librarian for information on access to growing commercial bibliographic databases, some of which provide full text retrieval or delivery.

111. UT Austin: Searching by Keywords:
     <http://utexas.edu/search/webkey.html>
     How more than 20 search engines use keywords. See also <http://searchenginewatch.html>

112. Yahoo:

<http://www.yahoo.com>

Although Yahoo is the best known starting place as as Web directory of other resources, a single search there will rarely be enough. Fortunately, after obtaining the results of the first search for your topic in Yahoo, the search can be continued on links to other resources, several of which are arrayed at the bottom of the Yahoo screen:

· Altavista:
  <http://www.altavista.com/>
  One of the the largest and most versatile of the search engines.
· Dejanews:
  <http://www.deja.com>
  Searches Usenet news and discussion groups, not Web pages.
· Directhit:
  <http://www.directhit.com/>
  Selective results from a relatively new search engine.
· Goto:
  <http://www.goto.com/>
· Hotbot (now Lycos):
  <http://www.hotbot.com>
· Infoseek (now Go/ABC):
  <http://www.infoseek.com>
· Northernlight:
  <http://www.northernlight.com/>
  A major search engine/directory with two large databases, one open to the public without charge and the other providing full texts of journal and periodical articles for a fee.

OTHER DIRECTORIES/SEARCH ENGINES:

113. Ask Jeeves:
       <http//www.ask.com>
       A interface made friendly by limiting information.

114. DMOZ: Open Directory Project:
     <http://dmoz.org/Arts/Literature/Authors/P/Poe,_Edgar_Allan/>
     15 links to Poe plus additional links to electronic texts, genre, authors.

     · See also http://dmoz.org/Arts/Literature/World_Literature/American_Literature/19th_Century/Poe,_Edgar_Allan/:
       <http://dmoz.org/Arts/Literature/World_Literature/American_Literature/19th_Century/ Poe,_Edgar_Allan/>
       24 selected links with brief notes.

115. Elibrary:
     <http://www.elibrary.com>
     Recent items in newspapers, magazines, and journals (by subscription).

116. Google:
     <http://www.google.com/>
       A pragmatic search engine which ranks sites by how many other links have been made rather than by an artificial intelligence analysis of texts.

117. Olingo
     <http://www.olingo.com>
     Meaning-based directory using Altavista resources.

118. Snap (NBC):
     <http://www.snap.com>
     

     ---