History of Banking Regulation in the U.S.
 
1782 Bank of North America is chartered
1791 Bank of the United States is charted
1811 Bank of the United States’ charter is allowed to lapse
1816 Second Bank of the United States is chartered
1832 Andrew Jackson vetoes re-chartering of Second Bank of the US; charter lapses in 1836
1837 Free banking
1863 National Banking Act establishes national banks and Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
1913 Federal Reserve Act of 1913 creates Federal Reserve System
1927 McFadden Act and Douglas Amendments (1970) prohibited banks from branching across state lines and forced national banks to abide by local branching regulations. Prohibited interest on checkable deposits and puts a ceiling on interest on other deposits
1930-1933 9000 banks fail
1933 Banking Act of 1933 (Glass-Steagall) creates Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) and separates banking and securities industries.
1956 Bank Holding Company Act and Douglas Amendment (1970) clarified the status of bank holding companies.
1980 Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act approved NOW and ATS accounts nationwide, phased out interest rate ceilings on deposits, increased deposit insurance to $100,000 per account.
Early 80s ATMs spread, not counted as a branch
1982 State bank holding companies allowed to purchase failing banks in other states. Regional banking developed.
1987 Non-bank Banks loophole closed (limited service banks)
1994 Riegle-Neal Act of 1994 removes federal prohibition of interstate branching
1999 Gramm-Leach-Bliley Financial Services Modernization Act, 1999.  Repealed Glass-Steagall separation of banking.